VM61 BIN (File Format)

BIN is a model file format used in Luigi's Mansion Arcade which inherits from the VM61 format. The format consist of a hierarchy of nodes, where each node can contain child nodes and meshes. The textures are external DDS files, and are linked by each material. This format is an evolution of Mario Kart Arcade GP DX's BIKE BIN.

File Format

The file byte order is always little endian. All sections and subsections are aligned to 0x10.

VM61 Header

The file starts with the common VM61 header. It has the following structure:

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	Char[4]	File magic. Always VM61 in ASCII.
0x04	UInt32	Version number of the file format.
0x08	UInt32	Size of this header in bytes.
0x0C	UInt32	Unknown. Seems to be padding.

BIN Header

The BIN header follows the VM61 header. It has the following structure:

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	Int64	Number of materials.
0x08	Int64	Material array offset.
0x10	Int64	Number of texture references.
0x18	Int64	Texture reference array offset.
0x20	Int64	Number of bones.
0x28	Int64	Bone array offset.
0x30	Int64	Root node offset.
0x38	Int64	Number of bone links.
0x40	Int64	Bone links array offset.
0x48	Int64	Number of node pairs.
0x50	Int64	Node pair array offset.
0x58	Int64	Padding.

Material

Each material has the following structure:

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	Int64	Material name offset.
0x08	Byte	Unknown.
0x09	Byte	Unknown.
0x0A	UInt16	Unknown.
0x0C	UInt32	Unknown.
0x10	Byte	Unknown.
0x11	Byte	Unknown.
0x12	UInt16	Unknown.
0x14	UInt32	Unknown.
0x18	Byte	Unknown.
0x19	Byte	Unknown.
0x1A	UInt16	Unknown.
0x1C	UInt32	Unknown.
0x20	UInt32	Unknown.
0x24	Byte	Unknown.
0x25	Byte	Unknown.
0x26	UInt16	Unknown.
0x28	Byte	Unknown.
0x29	Byte	Unknown.
0x2A	UInt16	Unknown.
0x2C	Byte	Unknown.
0x2D	Byte	Unknown.
0x2E	Byte	Unknown.
0x2F	Byte	Unknown.
0x30	Float[4]	Ambient color in RGBA.
0x40	Float[4]	Diffuse color in RGBA.
0x50	Float[4]	Specular color in RGBA.
0x60	Float[4]	Incandescence color in RGBA.
0x70	Float	Shiny.
0x74	Float	Unknown.
0x78	Float	Unknown.
0x7C	Float	Unknown.
0x80	Float	Unknown.
0x84	Float	Unknown.
0x88	Float	Unknown.
0x8C	UInt32	Unknown.
0x90	UInt32	Unknown.
0x94	UInt32	Unknown.
0x98	UInt32	Unknown.
0x9C	UInt32	Unknown.
0xA0	Int64	Unknown.
0xA8	Int64	Translation animation offset.
0xB0	UInt32	Unknown.
0xB4	UInt32	Unknown.
0xA8	Int16	Color 1 texture index.
0xAA	Int16	Color 2 texture index.
0xAC	Int16	Color 3 texture index.
0xAE	Int16	Specular texture index.
0xB0	Int16	Reflective texture index.
0xB2	Int16	Environment texture index.
0xB4	Int16	Normal texture index.
0xB6	Int16	Incandescence texture index.

Translation Animation

If the offset is not 0, a simple translation animation is applied to the material. The animation is a constant value.

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	Float	U translation.
0x04	Float	V translation.

Texture Reference

Each texture reference has the following structure:

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	Int64	Texture name offset.

Bone

Each bone has the following structure:

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	Int64	Bone name offset.
0x08	Int64	Node pair offset.

Root Node

The root node has the following structure:

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	Int64	Node pair offset.

Bone Link

Each bone link corresponds to a node that contains a model object as well as a node that contains a bone, then it gives a local ID for each bone.

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	Int64	Model object node offset.
0x08	Int64	Bone node offset.
0x10	UInt32	Local bone ID.
0x14	UInt32	Padding.

Node Pair

Each node pair contains the name and the node offset. The node pairs are in an array, which means it doesn't specify the hierarchy. Each entry has the following structure:

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	Int64	Node name offset.
0x08	Int64	Node offset.

Node

Each node has the following structure:

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	UInt32	Visibility flag.
0x04	Byte[28]	Unknown.
0x20	Transform	Node transform.
0x44	Float[3]	Bounding sphere XYZ position.
0x50	Float	Bounding sphere radius.
0x54	UInt32	Unknown.
0x58	Int64	Model object array offset. Points to an array of Int64s, which points to model objects. The count is not stored, but the array is terminated by 0.
0x60	Int64	Morph array offset. Points to an array of Int64s, which point to a sub-array of Int64s which point to baked model objects used as vertex morph animations. The count is not stored, but the array is terminated by 0.
0x68	Int64	Child node array offset. Points to an array of UInt32s, which points to node children. The count is not stored, but the array is terminated by 0.
0x70	Transform	Pose transform.
0x94	Float[3]	Bounding box maximum position.
0xA0	Float[3]	Bounding box minimum position.

Transform

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	Float[3]	Scale.
0x0C	Float[3]	Rotation, in radians.
0x18	Float[3]	Translation.

Model Object

Each entry has the following structure:

Offset	Type	Description
0x00	UInt32	Unknown.
0x04	UInt32	Number of triangles to draw. The number of elements in the index buffer is equal to this number multiplied by 3.
0x08	Int32	Material index. -1 if none.
0x0C	Float[3]	Bounding sphere XYZ position.
0x18	Float	Bounding sphere radius.
0x1C	UInt32	Vertex count.
0x20	Int64	Position buffer offset.
0x28	Int64	Normal buffer offset.
0x30	Int64	Secondary normal buffer offset. Unknown usage.
0x38	Int64	Color buffer offset.
0x40	Int64	UV buffer 1 offset.
0x48	Int64	UV buffer 2 offset.
0x50	Int64	UV buffer 3 offset.
0x58	Int64	UV buffer 4 offset.
0x60	Int64	UV buffer 5 offset.
0x68	Int64	UV buffer 6 offset.
0x70	Int64	Index buffer offset.
0x78	UInt32	Number of bones influencing the vertices.
0x7C	UInt64	Bone ID mask. Each bit represents a local bone ID from the corresponding bone link.
0x84	UInt32	Unknown.
0x88	Int64	Unknown.
0x90	Int64	Weight buffer offset (vertices * 4 bytes per bone).
0x98	Float[3]	Bounding box maximum position.
0xA4	Float[3]	Bounding box minimum position.

Tools

The following tools can handle VM61 BIN files:

• (none)